Ramps & Walkways Building Codes & Rules

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AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3

600 to 800^{AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3}

AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3

300 ± 10^{AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3}

Width

TGSI

AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3

≥ 1m

clear^{AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3}

Property Boundary

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1 (a)

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.5

≤ 190^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1 (a)NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.5}

AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3

≤ 1.52m^{AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1 (c)

≤ 1 : 10 gradient^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1 (c)}

AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C

≥ 1m clear^{AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.2

1.5m^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.2}

AS 1428.1:2009, 13.2

≥ 850

clear^{AS 1428.1:2009, 13.2}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.4 (d)

1.5m

clear^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.4 (d)}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (e)

≥ 1m

clear^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (e)}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (f)

≥ 900^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (f)}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.5 (c)

≤ 1 : 8 gradient^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.5 (c)}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (c) (iii)

1 : 14 to 1 : 20 gradient^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (c) (iii)}

AS 1428.1:2009, 13.3.1

≤ 1:40^{AS 1428.1:2009, 13.3.1}

AS 1428.1:2009, Amdt. 1 (Figure 13)

≥ 600

90° to Landing^{AS 1428.1:2009, Amdt. 1 (Figure 13)}

Length

Wall

Fall

Handrail & Kerb Rail

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)

≤ 1 : 40 cross fall or camber^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)}

Horizontal Ground Surface

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (a) (iii)

≥ 450^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (a) (iii)}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1 (i)

≥ 450^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1 (i)}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1 (b)

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.5

≤ 1.9m^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1 (b)NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.5}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.2

1.5m^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.2}

AS 1428.1:2009, 13.2

≥ 850

clear^{AS 1428.1:2009, 13.2}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.1 (b)

≥ 1.5m^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.1 (b)}

AS 1428.1:2009, 6.2

≥ 2m^{AS 1428.1:2009, 6.2}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.4

AS 1428.1:2009, Amdt. 1 (Figure 13)

Curved Ramp or Walkway

≥ 1.5m clear width^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.4}
Gradient measured from centreline
Ensure the ramp meets the landing at 90° for ≥ 600mm to improve safety & stability^{AS 1428.1:2009, Amdt. 1 (Figure 13)}

AS 1428.1:2009, Amdt. 1 (Figure 13)

≥ 600

90° to Landing^{AS 1428.1:2009, Amdt. 1 (Figure 13)}

AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3

Tactile Indicators for Kerb Ramp^{AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3}

Install if
≥ 3m distance from boundary/building to top of kerb ramp
Kerb ramp is not parallel to the building line or direction of travel
Gradient difference from foot path to kerb ramp is not within 1:8 to 1:8.5

AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3

45˚^{AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3}

Designer & Construction Set Out

Kerb Rails

≥ 150mm high Kerb, or^[1]
65 to 75mm high Kerb

Kerb Rail OPTIONS

NCC 2022 V3

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5}

AS 1428.1:2009, Amdt. 1 (Figure 18)

≥ 150mm high Kerb, or^{AS 1428.1:2009, Amdt. 1 (Figure 18)}
65 to 75mm high Kerb

EFSG Ramp

≤ 1:14 gradient^[1]
≥ 1.2m landing length
Handrail on both sides
865mm Top Handrail height
700mm Lower Handrail height

Ramp Handrail & Balustrade RULES

NCC 2022 V3

Class 2 to 9

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

NSW EFSG

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5}
If Concrete Kerb Rail^{NSW EFSG}
≤ 4m ramp above adjacent level
If Steel Kerb Rail
≥ 4m fall risk, Non-climbable Zone

Slip RATING

NCC 2022 V2

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D1P2

May 2023

null

NSW EFSG

≤ 1:14 gradient^{NSW EFSG}
≥ 1.2m landing length
Handrail on both sides
865mm Top Handrail height
700mm Lower Handrail height

AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3

≤ 1 : 8 gradient^{AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3}

AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3

≤ 190^{AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (b)

≤ 15m @ 1:20

≤ 25m @ 1:33

No limit if < 1:33^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (b)}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (a)

≥ 600^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (a)}

AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C

≤ 1 : 20 gradient^{AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C}

AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C

≥ 1m

clear^{AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1

45˚^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1}

AS 1428.1:2009, 6.3

≥ 1m^{AS 1428.1:2009, 6.3}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (c) (i)

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (c) (ii)

≤ 9m @ 1:14^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (c) (i)}

≤ 15m @ 1:20^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (c) (ii)}

Kerb Ramp

Slip resistance^[1][2]
P4 or R11 indoors (always dry)
P5 or R12 outdoors or if subject to wetting

Slip RATING

NCC 2022 V1

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D1P2

May 2023

Kerb Ramp RULES

NCC 2022 V3

Class 2 to 9

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5}
≤ 1 : 8 gradient^{AS/NZS 1428.4.1:2009, Appendix C3}
≤ 1.52m length & ≤ 190mm rise
45° splay as edge protection

HB 198:2014, 5.2 (Table 3B)

NCC 2022 Vol 1, D1P2

Slip resistance^{HB 198:2014, 5.2 (Table 3B)NCC 2022 Vol 1, D1P2}
P4 or R11 indoors (always dry)
P5 or R12 outdoors or if subject to wetting

Walkway

Handrail not required^[1]
Slip resistance^[2]
P3 or R10 indoors (always dry)
P4 or R11 outdoors or if subject to wetting

Walkway RULES

NCC 2022 V2

Class 2 to 9

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (b)

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC
1 : 33 & shallower gradient must have^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)}
≤ 1 : 40 camber or cross fall,
1 : 33 if bitumen finish
≤ 25m length at 1 : 33 between landings^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (b)}
≤ 15m length at 1 : 20 between landings
Linear interpolation used for intermediate lengths
Adding a handrail can increase allowed length by 30%

Slip RATING

NCC 2022 V1

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D1P2

May 2023

Kerb Rail OPTIONS

NCC 2022 V3

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (b) (B)

HB 198:2014, 4.3.2 (Table 3A)

Handrail not required^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.2 (b) (B)}
Slip resistance^{HB 198:2014, 4.3.2 (Table 3A)}
P3 or R10 indoors (always dry)
P4 or R11 outdoors or if subject to wetting

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (f)

Boundaries & Intersections^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (f)}

TGSI's to be within property boundary
Handrails not to project into corridor

Landing

≥ 1.5m (W) x 1.5m (L) generally^[1]
Varies dependant on direction of travel
Slip resistance^[2][3]
P3 or R10 indoors (always dry)
P4 or R11 outdoors or if subject to wetting

Kerb Ramp LANDINGS

NCC 2022 V2

Class 2 to 9

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.3

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5}
≥ 1m x 1.2m length if straight direction of travel^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.3}
≥ 1.5m (W) x 1.5m (L) if single change of direction
≥ 2m (W) x 1.5m (L) if "T" junction
≤ 1 : 40 gradient to shed water^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)}
≤ 1 : 33 if bitumen surface
Door Circulation may require additional clearance
No cross fall at door threshold

Slip RATING

NCC 2022 V1

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D1P2

May 2023

Ramp & Walkway LANDINGS

NCC 2022 V3

Class 2 to 9

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.1

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)

AS 1428.1:2009, 13.3

AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5}
≥ 1m x 1.2m length if straight direction of travel^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.1}
≥ 1.5m (W) x 1.5m (L) if change of direction up to 90°
≥ 2.15m (W) x 1.54m (L) if 180° turn
≤ 1 : 40 gradient to shed water^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)}
≤ 1 : 33 if bitumen surface
Door Circulation may require additional clearance^{AS 1428.1:2009, 13.3}
No cross fall at door threshold^{AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.3

HB 198:2014, 4.3.2 (Table 3A)

HB 198:2014, 5.2 (Table 3B)

≥ 1.5m (W) x 1.5m (L) generally^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.3}
Varies dependant on direction of travel
Slip resistance^{HB 198:2014, 4.3.2 (Table 3A)HB 198:2014, 5.2 (Table 3B)}
P3 or R10 indoors (always dry)
P4 or R11 outdoors or if subject to wetting

Threshold Ramp

≤ 35mm rise^[1][2][3]

Threshold Ramp RULES

NCC 2022 V3

Class 2 to 9

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.1.5

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.0 (Figure 4)

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.5

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.6

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.0 (Figure 4)

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.5

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.1.5}
≤ 1 : 8 gradient^{NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.0 (Figure 4)}
≤ 280mm length & ≤ 35mm rise^{NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.0 (Figure 4)}
≤ 20mm from face of door leaf^{NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.5}
Slip resistance^{NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.6NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.0 (Figure 4)}
P4 or R11 indoors (always dry)
P5 or R12 outdoors or if subject to wetting
≥ 45° splayed edges where not abutting a wall^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.5}

Slip RATING

NCC 2022 V2

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D1P2

May 2023

null

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.5 (a)

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.1.5

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.0 (Figure 4)

≤ 35mm rise^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.5 (a)NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.1.5NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 4.0 (Figure 4)}

Continuous Path of Travel

No steps or other impediments^[1]
1m wide & 2m high clear passage^[2][3]
Measured from finished floor & walls
Clear of all obstructions

Continuous Path of Travel

NCC 2022 V1

Class 2 to 9

NCC 2022 D4D4, D4D7, D4D13, F4, H5D1

[2019 D3.3, D3.6, D3.12, F2.0]

May 2023

AS 1428.1:2009, 6.2

NCC 2022 Vol 1, D4D3 (5)

NCC 2022 Vol 1, D4D4

Movement to and within a building to be accessible to the NCC ^{AS 1428.1:2009, 6.2}
850mm W & 1.98m H at doorways^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, D4D3 (5)NCC 2022 Vol 1, D4D4}

AS 1428.1:2009, 6.1

AS 1428.1:2009, 6.2

AS 1428.1:2009, 6.3

No steps or other impediments^{AS 1428.1:2009, 6.1}
1m wide & 2m high clear passage^{AS 1428.1:2009, 6.2AS 1428.1:2009, 6.3}
Measured from finished floor & walls
Clear of all obstructions

Landing

1.5 x 1.5m clearance^[1]
≤ 1 : 40 gradient to shed water^[2]
≤ 1 : 33 if bitumen surface

Step Ramp LANDINGS

NCC 2022 V2

Class 2 to 9

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.2

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1

AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C

AS 1428.1:2009, 13.3

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5}
≥ 1m x 1.2m length if straight direction of travel^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.2}
≥ 1.5m (W) x 1.5m (L) if change of direction
≤ 1 : 40 gradient to shed water^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1}
≤ 1 : 33 if bitumen surface
No cross fall at door threshold^{AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C}
Required Door Circulation may require additional clearance^{AS 1428.1:2009, 13.3}

Slip RATING

NCC 2022 V1

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D1P2

May 2023

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.2

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)

1.5 x 1.5m clearance^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.2}
≤ 1 : 40 gradient to shed water^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)}
≤ 1 : 33 if bitumen surface

Landing

≥ 1.5m (W) x 1.5m (L) generally^[1]
≤ 1 : 40 gradient to shed water, or^[2]
≤ 1 : 33 if bitumen surface

Slip RATING

NCC 2022 V1

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D1P2

May 2023

Ramp & Walkway LANDINGS

NCC 2022 V3

Class 2 to 9

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.1

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)

AS 1428.1:2009, 13.3

AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5}
≥ 1m x 1.2m length if straight direction of travel^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.1}
≥ 1.5m (W) x 1.5m (L) if change of direction up to 90°
≥ 2.15m (W) x 1.54m (L) if 180° turn
≤ 1 : 40 gradient to shed water^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)}
≤ 1 : 33 if bitumen surface
Door Circulation may require additional clearance^{AS 1428.1:2009, 13.3}
No cross fall at door threshold^{AS 1428.1:2009, Appendix C}

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.1

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)

≥ 1.5m (W) x 1.5m (L) generally^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.8.1}
≤ 1 : 40 gradient to shed water, or^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.1 (d)}
≤ 1 : 33 if bitumen surface

Ramp

Handrail both sides^[1]
TGSI's at top & bottom^[2]
Slip resistance^[3]
P3 or R10 indoors (always dry)
P4 or R11 outdoors or if subject to wetting

Ramp RULES

NCC 2022 V2

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 F4D5 [2019 F2.4]

May 2023

NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, F4D5}
≤ 9m length at 1 : 14 between landings^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3}
≤ 15m length at 1 : 20 between landings
Linear interpolation used for intermediate lengths
Constant gradient, ≤ 3% tolerance
Landings at bottom and top of ramp with TGSI's
90° approach angle between ramp and landing for change of direction
Handrails both sides
Wall mounted
Floor mounted with kerb
Continuous at landings

Slip RATING

NCC 2022 V1

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D1P2

May 2023

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (e)

AS 1428.1:2009, 9

HB 198:2014, 4.3.2 (Table 3A)

Handrail both sides^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.3 (e)}
TGSI's at top & bottom^{AS 1428.1:2009, 9}
Slip resistance^{HB 198:2014, 4.3.2 (Table 3A)}
P3 or R10 indoors (always dry)
P4 or R11 outdoors or if subject to wetting

Step Ramp

Edge Protection^[1]
Balustrade, kerb rail or splay
Slip resistance^[2][3]
P4 or R11 indoors (always dry)
P5 or R12 outdoors or if subject to wetting

Step Ramp RULES

NCC 2022 V4

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D4D4 & H5D2 [2019 D3.3, 3.9.1]

May 2023

NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.5

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1

NCC 2022 Vol 1, D4D4

NCC 2022 Vol 2, H5D2

Provision of access for people with disabilities in compliance to the NCC^{NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.5NDIS SDA Design Standard Oct 2019 Edition 1.1, 2.5}
≤ 1 : 10 gradient^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1}
≤ 1.9m length & ≤ 190mm rise^{NCC 2022 Vol 1, D4D4}
Edge Protection^{NCC 2022 Vol 2, H5D2}
Balustrade & kerb rail, or
≥ 450mm kerb, or
45° splay

Slip RATING

NCC 2022 V1

All Building Classes

NCC 2022 D1P2

May 2023

AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1

HB 198:2014, 4.3.2 (Table 3A)

HB 198:2014, 5.2 (Table 3B)

Edge Protection^{AS 1428.1:2009, 10.6.1}
Balustrade, kerb rail or splay
Slip resistance^{HB 198:2014, 4.3.2 (Table 3A)HB 198:2014, 5.2 (Table 3B)}
P4 or R11 indoors (always dry)
P5 or R12 outdoors or if subject to wetting